The Lost World Essay Summary Example For Students

The Lost World Essay Summary (Examination/Contrast): The Lost World as a novel is verydifferent from its film variant. The most differentiations are found in the beginningof the story. For example, the novel beginnings off with Ian Malcolm giving adetailed address on annihilation hypotheses at the Santa Fe Research Center. Though, the film begins with a well off British family traveling on Isla Sorna, anisland of Costa Rica. - =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-* Copyright DueNow.com Inc. *Category:Music MoviesPaper Title:The Lost World (Comparison/Contrast)Text:Jurassic Park The Lost WorldComparison ContrastThe Lost World as a novel is totally different from its film form. The mostcontrasts are found in the start of the story. For example, the novelstarts off with Ian Malcolm giving a nitty gritty talk on eradication hypotheses atthe Santa Fe Research Center. Where as, the film begins with a well off Britishfamily traveling on Isla Sorna, an island of Costa Rica. On this island thetiny dinosaurs called compys assault a youthful British young lady. As should be obvious thebeginning of the novel is totally not quite the same as the start of the film. In actuality, the novel and the film don't start to have anysimilarities until the characters get the chance to Site-B, an island off of Costa Ricawhere the dinosaurs where reproduced. The characters in The Lost World had a great deal of similitudes also asdifferences. One significant character is Ian Malcolm, a forty-year-elderly person who wasone of the early pioneers in the Chaos Theory. Malcolm likewise included in thefirst Jurassic Park. Despite the fact that he was in both the novel and the film, hischaracteristics were unique. In the novel his leg was harmed from his previousexpedition in the principal Jurassic Park, yet in the film he was by all accounts perfectlyhealthy and healthy. Another character that plays a significant roll is RichardLevine, an egotistical thirty-year-elderly person. In the novel Levine plays as a wealthypaleontologist looking for Site-B. With respect to the film, Richard Levine plays acompletely extraordinary roll. In the film he is the nephew of John Hammond, thecreator of the dinosaurs. He additionally has no relationship with being apaleontologist; his inclinations in the film are for bringing in cash off thedinosaurs by making a n event congregation that includes the dinosaurs on the terrain. Sarah Harding has a major impact in then novel and just as the film. Inthe tale Harding plays a somewhat youthful scientist, which has a relationship withIan Malcolm. The main distinction with Harding between the novel and the film isthat she plays a researcher in the novel and a scientist in the film. Another two characters that play a significant move in the novel are Kelly Curtis andArby Benton. Kelly is a thirteen-year-old seventh grader, who has an intrigue inpaleontology, also that she icons Sarah Harding. Arby is aneleven-year-old African American seventh grader; he has been skipped up a gradebecause he is so wise. In the novel the two kids sneak on to the boatis on the campaign to Site-B. In the film there is just a single kid, a youngAfrican American young lady named Kelly that is identified with Ian Malcolm by adoption,which likewise sneaks on to the island. The most comparable of the novel and film is likely the territory of Costa Rica. This is likely on the grounds that the territory is a well established truth that can't be changed. Inboth the novel and film, the territory is secured with rough bluffs and volcanicridges. Gorges, tall grasses, and thick congested wildernesses likewise flourishedthe island. Considering the thick congested wildernesses it was difficult for thecharacters to see the structures and streets from the air, which made it difficultto locate a decent spot to land. One thing that made it hard to travel,besides the dinosaurs chasing them, was the breezy breezes with updrafts. .u21d8cc40e776e103ddf2741c5931452c , .u21d8cc40e776e103ddf2741c5931452c .postImageUrl , .u21d8cc40e776e103ddf2741c5931452c .focused content territory { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .u21d8cc40e776e103ddf2741c5931452c , .u21d8cc40e776e103ddf2741c5931452c:hover , .u21d8cc40e776e103ddf2741c5931452c:visited , .u21d8cc40e776e103ddf2741c5931452c:active { border:0!important; } .u21d8cc40e776e103ddf2741c5931452c .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u21d8cc40e776e103ddf2741c5931452c { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; obscurity: 1; progress: murkiness 250ms; webkit-progress: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u21d8cc40e776e103ddf2741c5931452c:active , .u21d8cc40e776e103ddf2741c5931452c:hover { mistiness: 1; change: haziness 250ms; webkit-progress: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u21d8cc40e776e103ddf2741c5931452c .focused content region { width: 100%; position: r elative; } .u21d8cc40e776e103ddf2741c5931452c .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-beautification: underline; } .u21d8cc40e776e103ddf2741c5931452c .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u21d8cc40e776e103ddf2741c5931452c .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; outskirt sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: striking; line-stature: 26px; moz-fringe span: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-adornment: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: total; right: 0; top: 0; } .u21d8cc40e776e103ddf2741c5931452c:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u21d8cc40e776e103dd f2741c5931452c .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u21d8cc40e776e103ddf2741c5931452c-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u21d8cc40e776e103ddf2741c5931452c:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Shakespeares Romeo And Juliet EssayThe dinosaurs were clearly comparative in the novel and film. The main thingthat differentiated the two is the way that the novel had all the more an assortment ofdinosaurs than the film. There were three dinosaurs that were fundamentally included inthe novel and film. Among the three, was the popular Tyrannosaurs Rex, whichcaused the most harm and losses. The T-Rex comes to around twenty totwenty-five feet in stature and has massive bone squashing jaws with fleshtearing teeth. Another was the Velociraptor, all the more ordinarily known as theraptor. The raptors were most likely the sharpest of

The Growing Advancements In The Technology Media Essay

The Growing Advancements In The Technology Media Essay With the developing progressions in the innovation the method of correspondence is being used in each field is turning out to be well known nowadays. Science and innovation have been making ceaseless headways in each field like, software engineering, clinical science, mechanical science, broadcast communications, media, and so on science and innovation are currently having its initial phase in the mechanical progressions all through the globe. Since the disclosure of fire, to the development of the adding machine, pendulum, thermometer, clock, prescriptions, phone, TV, little contraptions, camera and so forth are on the whole incredible accomplishments of science. The mechanical progressions are making the fantasies work out as expected and offering help to the coming age. Much the same as food and water, mechanical headways are the fundamental piece of one㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s life in this developing region. Media is one field which is currently totally reliant on the mechanical headways. Simply think, if there were no cameras, no innovation to communicate, no print machine advances, no PCs, no satellite stations, and no other such headways, at that point can everyone think about the happenings on the planet. Media is in itself a total reference book of the occasions that happened and that are happening on the planet. The most supportive progression in the media business is the creative innovation of the PCs, and broadcasting. Media is the controlling center point for the innovative headways like web, TV, cell phones and the papers and magazines (Diamond, 2010). Media has been rising now as the most impressive organization that controls the elements of data framework (Chan, 2004). This paper talks about the headways of correspondence innovation including the utilization of web, papers and media transmission administrations. Media chips away at the guideline of the central rights expressed in the constitution, that is, the right to speak freely of discourse, which should be possible either in verbal sense or recorded as a hard copy. The nations that don't permit individuals to have the right to speak freely of discourse, stay in the last situation in knowing the world realities and administrations of such nations may not know about the requirements of the residents since they can't communicate their emotions and can not interest for anything (Chan, 2004). The web is in effect generally utilized in everywhere throughout the nations across globe. With the expanding utilization of the web, media is additionally extending its arms to get most extreme open doors in each field. The improvement of any new innovation is the result of the prerequisites in different fields which is looked and recognized by utilizing reviews and surveys all around the globe. Any new advancement is likewise an aftereffect of fathoming the blunders that happened in the past variants. The new improvements could conceivably be useful for the general public. In this creating world, where everybody is running too quick to even think about achieving achievements web is truly ending up being a superior wellspring of all concealed information and one can without much of a stretch discover all the connections on a specific theme effectively utilizing a specific arrangement of catchphrases. The different web indexes give important information to the individual looking for changed purposes (Sen, 2009). Audit of writing There are numerous articles that tell about the significance of correspondence innovation in the media. This innovation includes the utilization of web, telephonic correspondence, papers, and so forth the most significant method of correspondence includes the utilization of the web which brings individuals from separations meet up and share their perspectives about any continuous subject or any sort of conversation about the political, social, and social conduct of a specific locale. From numerous papers, some exploration are talked about underneath that shows the significance of web in the media communications(Aelst et.al, 2002). As per Peter Van Aelst, and Stefaan Walgrave, the social conduct of the individuals and their aggregate move to dissent has made a typical zone for the action and in the law based world that it gives less shocks to the general population and media. The media continues trusting that such occasions will happen which cause the general population to go distraught thus make the second as recorded and individuals simply need to partake in such exercises with no explanation aside from they become a piece of the verifiable development. Be that as it may, for the counter globalization dissents, the circumstance dislike for the numerous others. Individuals won't want dissents true to form from different nations as well. Just a few nations communicated their fights which were from Seattle, Washington, Prague and Genoa, indicating a startling blend of the developments from various Nations. Media is so astute to communicate all the developments in every aspect of the world and can make them meet up to dissent for the equivalent cause(Aelst et.al, 2002). Media is in this way assuming a critical job in sorting out the verifiable developments and offer them with different pieces of the world. The article by Peter Van Aelst, and Stefaan walgrave, gives a brief look at the developments which were in advance and dissect the sites of many fighting associations with the assistance of web. This article presents the commitment of the destinations that have contributed a great deal to begin the development of the developments. It additionally presents the examinations on the aggregate interest of the nations, and the assembly of a system of associations. This examination genuinely gives a thought of the job of web in media and tells that the web assumes a vital job in assisting media to assemble data from different locales about the continuous developments and the associations partaking in the developments to empower open about the progressing fight. This article likewise assists with demonstrating that the utilization of web by different associations is additionally a marker to the mix of various Nations and the different organizations. In spite of the fact that the utilization of innovation like the web and other correspondence contraptions and administrations is expanding step by step, however it is hard to give a static clarification and examination that up to what degree this innovation will show the wonders in the media business (Aelst et.al, 2002). Zheng Xiang and Ulrike Gretzel present a paper concentrate on the job of web based life as a data hotspot for voyagers. Online networking are assuming an inexorably significant job as data hotspots for travelers(Xiang et.al, 2002). The point of the investigation is to know the degree to which the web can show better outcomes in the inquiry of movement related sites in the different web crawlers. For the examination, an exploration configuration was made to propel the explorer to look about the site. The voyager is approached to design the movement as indicated by a given arrangement of catchphrases in agreement to the nine United States vacationer goals. The investigation by the client appears in the wake of checking the query items, that the online networking, that is web assumes an essential job in the indexed lists and arranging a visit for a specific goal. It likewise demonstrated that the web crawler guides the voyagers to the picked goal immediately. This examination properly p resumes that the utilization of web in media administrations like the commercial of the movement visit arranging has its underlying foundations in it. It additionally ends up being a significant part in the online media age. It likewise shows address proof for issues looked by conventional specialist organizations like a guide or eye to eye data gathered for movement related direction (Xiang et.al, 2002). Proposition The utilization of web crawlers on the web and the utilization of cell phones to convey significant distances, are the essential advancements done as such far that has their most extreme use in the media business. The utilization of web profoundly affects the individuals working in the media business. Individuals are presently reliant on the web for finding support from a few assets. In correspondence innovation, phone and utilization of cell phones have a ton of research for a long time. The revelation of the phone and the utilization of printing innovation for correspondence have their underlying foundations in the early long periods of the history. Despite the fact that the gadgets and devices utilized around then were overwhelming and are with certain confinements, yet headways have gone from that point forward with the utilization of the innovation. The gadgets have been made little in size and effectiveness in their working (Sen, 2009). Web correspondence has likewise been under research for a long time. Just because, the web has been distinctly for the utilization of businesspeople and business people. As the time is running ahead in a quick speed, the utilization of web has been expanded. It has been generally utilized by all degrees of clients. Understudies, representatives, specialists, lawmakers, and every single others are utilizing web for their works. There are numerous applications to be utilized on the web which fills a wide range of needs. The fundamental region of research on the web is the utilization of the information with certain security (Fulk, 1993). In the media business, the web fills numerous needs like the altering, getting thoughts for content composition of the recently composed articles, being imaginative in the introduction and the general information about the new subjects. The correspondence innovation can be additionally read for its importance and the unwavering quality for people in general. It appears that as the utilization of correspondence innovation is expanding, the security of an individual is diminishing step by step. The security of the administration associations and other private associations is getting upset because of the utilization of the web (Ungerleider,1991). Research Question It is an issue of incredible worry about the abuse of the web in the media. The web has been utilized as an innovation for criminal behavior to open up certain tricks in the enormous associations which is only like the sting activity thus conveyed through the web to the different associations. As of late, the ascent of Wikileaks and the whistle-blowing act

Critical scholarship Essay Example

Basic grant Essay Presentation In ongoing history, basic grant has drawn nearer the magnus reus as the source-basic putsch de elegance. It demonstrates, in the heads of many, that non just is the goodbye talk a composite papers, yet so is the entire of the Fourth Gospel. This, by the by, is an ongoing wonder in the archives of scriptural perusing. From the primary century to the mid 1800s essentially figure deciphered it thusly. C. H. Weisse may hold been one of the first to appreciate it as such in 1856, however he neglects to lucubrate. It was, truth be told, non until a lot later that it got basic to translate the magnus reus as an artistic crease, and even in this manner until this turned into a proverb of modem perusing. Before the morning of the twentieth century starting divisions were driven more by philosophical inspirations than by a perceptual encounter of abstract creases. German realism was the indiscreet power for separating account from talk. The endeavor was, for the most segment, to isolate the meat of the talks from the refuse of the portrayals, as logic dismissed the brilliant. Be that as it may, there was no in understanding methodological examination or results. Simply after the Gottingen unrest ( for example , the plants of Schwartz and Wellhausen ) did Johannine starting troublesome judgment appear to be on a firmer methodological establishment. With the introduction of an aporia as grounds of an artistic crease, the invariable drum-beat of basic grant was that John 14:31d is the proto-regular aporia and that it unmistakably has a place next with 18:1. We will compose a custom exposition test on Critical grant explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom paper test on Critical grant explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on Critical grant explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer However, to happen a way to do these writings neighbors again has been the prickly issue for grant. All through the twentieth century the arrangement offered to the occasion of the magnus reus has taken four fundamental signifiers ( with a bewildering exhibit of replacements ) . In wide classs, the content has been viewed as an opposite, interjected, taken, or created content. In a few changes, John 14:31 initially followed closely following 18:1. Spitta and Wendt thought of it as the heterotaxy of a Ur-Gospel, and Bultmann at mid-century, saw a variety of beginnings, however when all is said in done, the best record for the magnus reus was heterotaxy on the confirmations of way. M. Lattke was perhaps the last to hold protected this situation in 1974. When all is said in done, most spectators today view the situation as faulty, in light of the fact that the ruin of the deck only here and there prompts general comprehension past the posteriority of 14:3 1. Numerous today consider 14:31 to be grounds of an added book. Within informations of this proposed inclusion are incredibly differed. Some accept that it is crafted by a remote manus embedded into the progression ining clear by the evangelist. Others respect the addition to be at least one talks composed by the Pentecostal and later included by either a reviser or the essayist himself. Others ( like Wellhausen ) considered the extra to be completely remote and held that it must hold been included by a reviser. At any rate, again the reason is that 14:31 has a place next with 18:1 in the unchanged talk. Dettwiler s Relecture Theory A hypothesis that is rapidly determining land on the mainland and going into North America is Dettwiler s relecture hypothesis. Here the reason is that rather than just any addition or even a second bill of trade of the goodbye talk, a great part of the progression ining clear of content between 14:31 nutrient D and 18:1 is actually an augmentation and re-utilization of 13:1-14:31. This perusing and expansion for another age is non a push to warrant the introduction yet to elucidate the accord previously came to. The content is embedded to run into the requests of a ulterior coevals of the Johannine people group. Once more, the over bending templet is that the magnus reus makes such a crying aporia, that it can only be fathomed by proposing altering. The results of the basic test leave the exegete with to some degree a puzzle. In the event that the content is an improved mosaic, it has been magnificently done. The reviser has picked stuff from divergent settings ( perchance of a similar classification ) and married them in such a way as to deliver a predictable full scale structure that over the initial two units of the content neer leaves the offer development worked in exhortative talk and in the third effectively surveys and entries to the high religious petition. Moreover, the reviser may hold consolidated some concise conventional stuff ( 15:1-11 ) yet has done as such in a way as non to conflict with the offer development of the content and simultaneously has checked it as the extremum of the content without a viing region other than in this manner stamped. In this section culinary expert doeuvre, the reviser has other than effectually delivered a content that is reasonable in non simply natural ties yet componential ties a s great. So, the content is brilliantly altered. Be that as it may, thus lays the conundrum: this appealingly and astonishingly altered content has a glaring imperfection. A deformity so crying, so self-evident, that it is taken advantage of by starting pundits as the original delineation that demonstrates the goodbye talk and the Gospel are the outcomes of numerous guardianships. Be that as it may, how could this phony pas be the outcome of a proofreader of such awesome capacity? What intensifies the activity is that it could hold been so natural fathomed before it ever begun. All the reviser expected to make was do his addition fifth piece of a verse prior. This is such a simple and sensible answer for the activity that a sensibly talented proofreader could hold seen it, however the reviser of the goodbye talk did non. Brodie summarizes it pleasantly in his latest discourse. He states, In talking the baffling Arise, permit us travel ( 14:31 ) the principal thing that should be said is that the segment theory is non acceptable. Not that the redacting thought is inalienably ugly ; there is, actually, an immense validity to the general idea of a proofreader who, given hard stuff, makes its best. Be that as it may, this general idea does non suit the occasion ; the stuff ( in 14:3 1 ) is non hard. Truth be told, one could scarcely think about a simpler section undertaking than voyaging Arise, permit us go†¦ to the terminal of individual. 17 But any manager who didn't hesitate to infix three sections is implausible to hold had qualms about voyaging a large portion of a verse. Indeed, it would non been have been important to travel Arise and permit us travel If, as is once in a while stated, it quickly went before the historical backdrop of Jesus going out ( 18:1 ) , in this way, exceptionally since there were no part divisions at the clasp, all the manager needed t o make was take the privilege topographic point for the addition as such before Arise, permit us venture to every part of The rationale of the section speculation prompts the idea that in some abnormal way the supervisor was both cautious and blundering, free and careful. Hence, it is a theory which needs inside coherency. This absence of interior rationality is shown in the writing by the expansion of speculations that endeavor, in some way, to put the magnus reus close to 18:1. In all actuality, if history can be our attendant that the expansion of hypotheses will go on. More established hypotheses will be changed ; and purposes for living will be based upon new and innovative assaults to the goodbye talk. At the chest of this area of individual businesss is the connection of three premises. To begin with, that an aporia in the Fourth Gospel is, chief and first, grounds of an abstract crease ; second, that it fits better close to 18:1 ; and along these lines, third, the magnus reus is the proto-ordinary aporia. In any case, these premises are a long way from demonstrated. An Aporia Must Indicate A Literary Seam The utilization of aporias in the word image of beginnings has been the trademark of Old Testament higher troublesome judgment for around 200 mature ages. The conflict is that a nonsensical conclusion or an unsmooth section is by definition grounds of the amalgamation of beginnings by a reviser. This is, of class, a reductionistic ( if non oversimplified ) assault that accept just one legitimate answer to a difficulty. However, this is presently so plainly obvious in higher basic circles that the philosophical supporting for it is just expected as certainty. Wellhausen neer clarified why an aporia must be an abstract crease. Actually, it is non until Otto Eissfeldt that Pentateuchal troublesome judgment s measures of division are obviously depicted. Schwartz, who begat the term aporia comparable to the Gospel of John, neer shields its utilization ( or even characterizes its centrality ) in the now-popular arrangement of articles. Bacon other than made this reason when he commented th at the indicants point to what a geologist may name an issue in he artistic layers, and, as the pundit great knows, it is these issues which uncover the abstract history of a papers ( complement included ) . In this way, by 1894, Bacon sees no interest to help the derivation of an artistic slip-up, yet only refers to its plainly obvious remaining among pundits. This is to express that the ebb and flow perusing of aporias as, by and huge, bespeaking scholarly creases is an old reason that is non, and has neer been, a demonstrated standard however a reason. That is non to express that at that spot have non been endeavors to make so in the writing. One brief exertion at demoing irrefutable norms for starting partition is the monograph by David M. Carr. Carr s treatment is, from numerous points of view, a much needed refresher from source-basic circles. He is cautious and wary in his cases and unmistakably perceives the difficulties in characterizing between a crease brought about by a reviser or by an author. Carr endeavors to demo recov

A Life Threatening Habit Using Drugs And Alcohol

Bo Warner Mrs. Pitman Honors English II 9 May 2016 A Life Threatening Habit Using a cell phone may be equivalent to using drugs and alcohol. Addiction to cell phones is a worldwide problem. There are many negative effects that teenagers do not know and that will cause harm in long term usage. For some, using their cell phone is a way out of reality and an escape from the outer lives. Social media is becoming more popular every year which is attracting younger kids. The cell phone is a trap to the next generation and will create problems for teenagers. In today s society, cell phones destroy people s communication abilities, social lives, and driving abilities. Teenagers having real conversations is a rare sight. Texting is seen as the†¦show more content†¦Cell phones are a teenager s best friend with all the new technology coming out. Cameras and the ability to send different things are making lives a lot easier (Ling 23). These addicting innovations are destroying face-to-face communication. These bad skills or habits could create a dysfunctional family. Texting interferes with teenagers family life as well. In the online article, Technology, the author shows that cell phones distract and disrupt family. For a parent, handling a teenager is hard enough. Hormones are on the rise and tempers get heated. Parents have trouble with their kids behavior and expenses because of cell phones (Technology). School and other activities seem to be affected which involves parents getting calls home and taking time to deal with the problems. Phone bills and outrageous rates put a burden on parents as well. Bills can add up to more than a hundred dollars a month (Technology). Communication needs to happen between family members. A teen correspondent named Furwah Hassan explains that with all of the online and social media distractions, parents do not get to talk to their kids enough. All the new fun things that are put on phones give teenagers more things to do on their cell phones (Hassan). All this does is take ti me away from important things like family. The addiction to cell phones and all the innovations means that surrounding things come second. Family time is minimal as teenagers choose their cell

Non Violence and Will Power free essay sample

Non-violence and Willpower Why does an individual indulge in violence? This question has great importance for one who practices non-violence. Its answer compels us to probe the unconscious. We discover there what psychologists call a repressed desire that drives one to violence. It can be controlled only by strong willpower, which is the same as a strong vrata or vow. It is for this purpose that the Anuvrata movement is going on. The unconscious harbours ego which accounts for the individual getting enjoyment out of thinking very high of himself and very low of others. Discrimination practiced on the basis of race and colour is but one manifestation of mans ego. Irrational insistence too is rooted in ego. Here in also lies the seed of the communal problem. Here it is relevant to recall one of the vows of Anuvrata: I will believe in human unity, will eschew any discrimination based on race, colour etc as well as untouchability. We will write a custom essay sample on Non Violence and Will Power or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page But if we want to develop non-violence, it is not enough to be conscious merely of the present events. We should be equally conscious of the prime instincts causing the events. Thus it is necessary in the present context to work for disarmament and banning wars. But it is not enough, for it is only like fighting a fire without discovering its causes. We have to do both things fight the fire that is raging and, more importantly, find out the factors that have caused it. Likewise, solving the existing problem of violence and discovering the basic cause of violence are equally necessary. People working in the field of non-violence are much less concerned about the latter and this, according to us, is the biggest impediment to the growth of non-violence. Armament, disarmament, war and banning of warall these matters fall within the jurisdiction of various governments. The common man has nothing to do with them. And those wielding power are not likely to listen to the talk about non-violence. We have, therefore, to involve the common people in achieving non-violence. These people, as we have seen, have no role in deciding matters of peace and war or of armament and disarmament, but they undoubtedly have the power to decide the destiny of those who decide the above matters. For achieving it,intense faith, incessant striving and complete devotion are needed. We have reason to believe that these qualities will emerge in those working in the field of non-violence.

Steroids in Sports Essay Example

Steroids in Sports Essay Most young athletes can demonstrate to the fact that the competitive urge to win — and win at all costs — is furious. Besides the glory of bragging rights and the fulfillment of personal gain, over and over again young athletes struggle in the pursuit of greater dreams — a award for their country, a college scholarship or a position in a professional team. (Robert H. Coombs, Louis Jolyon West, 1991) For an increasing number of athletes, winning at all costs includes taking performance-enhancing drugs. Some may appear to achieve physical gains from such drugs, but at what cost? The truth is, the long-term effects of these drugs havent been rigorously studied. And short-term benefits are enjoyed by many drawbacks. Take the time to learn about the benefits, dangers and many unknowns concerning alleged performance-enhancing drugs. (Robert H. Coombs, Louis Jolyon West, 1991) â€Å"Anabolic steroids is the well-known name for man-made substances linked to the male sex hormones (e.g., testosterone). They prop up the augmentation of skeletal muscle (anabolic effects) and the development of male sexual characters in both males and females. The term anabolic steroids will be used in this report because of its acquaintance, although the appropriate term for this composite is anabolic-androgenic steroids. (Robert H. Coombs, Louis Jolyon West, 1991) We will write a custom essay sample on Steroids in Sports specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Steroids in Sports specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Steroids in Sports specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Anabolic steroids were primed in the late 1930s mainly to treat hypogonadism, an ailment in which the testes do not create sufficient testosterone for typical growth, maturity, and sexual performance. The primary medical uses of these compounds are to treat overdue puberty, various types of impotence, and wasting of the body caused by certain diseases. (Nick A. Evans, 2004). During the 1930s, scientists discovered that anabolic steroids could facilitate the growth of skeletal muscle in laboratory animals, which led to abuse of the compounds first by bodybuilders and weightlifters and then by athletes in other sports. Steroid abuse has become so prevalent in athletics that it can have an effect on the outcome of sports competitions. (Nick A. Evans, 2004). In the United States, supplements such as tetrahydrogestrinone (THG) and androstenedione (street name Andro) formerly could be bought lawfully without a prescription through various commercial resources, including health food stores. Steroidal supplements can be converted into testosterone or an analogous compound in the body. Not as much of is known about the side effects of steroidal supplements, but if large quantities of these compounds substantially increase testosterone levels in the body, then they also are likely to produce the same side effects as anabolic steroids themselves. The purchase of these supplements, with the notable exception of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), became illegal after the passage in 2004 of amendments to the Controlled Substances Act. (Nick A. Evans, 2004). Steroid abuse affects individuals of various ages. However, it is difficult to guesstimate the true incidence of steroid abuse in the United States because many data sources that measure drug abuse do not comprise steroids. Scientific evidence indicates that anabolic steroid abuse among athletes may range between 1-6%. (Barrie Houlihan, 1997). One of the main reasons people give for abusing steroids is to develop their athletic performance. Among athletes, steroid abuse has been estimated to be less that 6 percent according to surveys, but anecdotal information suggests more widespread abuse. Although testing procedures are now in place to discourage steroid abuse among professional and Olympic athletes, new designer drugs constantly become available that can escape detection and place athletes willing to deceive one step ahead of testing efforts. (Matthew J. Mitten, 2005) Another justification people give for using steroids is to increase their muscle size or to decrease their body fat. This group includes people suffering from the behavioral syndrome called muscle dysmorphia, which causes them to have an indistinct image of their bodies. Men with muscle dysmorphia think that they look small and weak, even if they are large and muscular. Likewise, women with this condition think that they look fat and flabby, even though they are actually lean and muscular. (Kent F. Burnett, Mark E. Kleiman, 1994) Some anabolic steroids are taken by mouth, others are injected, and still others are supplied in gels or creams that are applied to the skin. Doses taken by abusers can be 10 to 100 times more than the doses given for medical conditions. (Kent F. Burnett, Mark E. Kleiman, 1994) Although numerous clinical studies have been conducted, there is limited evidence supporting the efficacy of anabolic steroids in enhancing athletic performance in sports. Unfortunately, the anabolic steroids’ literature is littered with design problems. The most significant methodological problem is the disparity in dosing strategies between clinical trials and real-world use. (Kent F. Burnett, Mark E. Kleiman, 1994) When used by athletes, the anabolic steroids are typically stacked. That is, the drugs are administered in cycles of gradually increasing doses and additional anabolic steroid agents are added along the way. Stacking cycles typically last between 7 and 14 weeks and often involve 2-3 oral agents along with 1 or 2 long-acting injectable AASs. By contrast, clinical investigators are justifiably restricted from duplicating these regimens in experimental situations for ethical reasons. As a result, studies are typically limited to the use of 1 agent, either oral or injection. Athletes tend to use oral agents in doses similar to those in clinical trials, but often use injectable agents in doses 3-8 times greater than those in clinical studies. Further exacerbating this problem is the issue of effect size. For example, a 1% improvement would be difficult to demonstrate statistically in a clinical trial setting, but in world-class athletics it could be the difference between a gold medal and last place. (Kent F. Burnett, Mark E. Kleiman, 1994) These findings lead us, as consumers of the biomedical literature, to the conclusion that past studies of anabolic steroids may be of limited value in determining the efficacy and toxicity of these agents under current athletic use. In spite of a lack of comprehensive scientific evidence, however, there is little doubt that anabolic steroids can produce a significant ergogenic effect. As with many other substances of abuse,   steroid users often possess a more sophisticated pharmacologic understanding than the general population, and counseling patients regarding the effects of these agents is often problematic. (Will H. Courtenay, 2000) Steroids are often abused in patterns called cycling, which involve taking many doses of steroids over a definite period of time, holding for a period, and resuming again. Users also recurrently combine more than a few dissimilar types of steroids in a method known as stacking. Steroid abusers typically stack the drugs, denoting that they take two or more dissimilar anabolic steroids, mixing oral and/or injectable types, and occasionally even including compounds that are designed for veterinary use. Abusers think that the dissimilar steroids act together to produce an effect on muscle size that is greater than the effects of each drug separately, a theory that has not been tested scientifically yet. (Will H. Courtenay, 2000) Another manner of steroid abuse is referred to as pyramiding. This is a process in which users slowly escalate steroid abuse (increasing the number of steroids or the dose and frequency of one or more steroids used at one time), getting a peak amount at mid-cycle and steadily tapering the dose toward the end of the cycle. Time and again, steroid abusers pyramid their doses in cycles of 6 to 12 weeks.   At start of a cycle, the person starts with low doses of the drugs being stacked and then gradually escalates the doses. In the second half of the cycle, the doses are slowly tapered to zero. This is at times followed by a second cycle in which the person continues to train but with no drugs. Abusers trust that pyramiding allows the body time to regulate to the high doses, and the drug-free cycle lets the bodys hormonal system time to recover. Same as stacking, the perceived benefits of pyramiding and cycling have not been validated scientifically. (Will H. Courtenay, 2000) Anabolic steroid abuse has been related with a wide range of unfavorable side effects ranging from some that are physically unattractive, such as acne and breast development in men, disfiguring of facial appearance to others that are life threatening, such as heart attacks and liver cancer etc. They can have impact on abusers hormonal system, musculoskeletal system, cardiovascular system, liver, skin and immune system as well. Most of them are reversible if the abuser quit taking the drugs, but some are everlasting, such as voice deepening in females. (Will H. Courtenay, 2000) Case reports and small studies indicate that anabolic steroids, when used in high doses, increase irritability and aggression. Some steroid abusers confessed that they have committed aggressive acts, such as physical fighting or theft, robbery, burglary and rape. Abusers who have committed violent acts or property offenses generally account that they engage in these behaviors usually when they take steroids than when they are drug free. A recent study suggests that the mood and behavioral effects noticed during anabolic steroid abuse may result from secondary hormonal changes. (Will H. Courtenay, 2000) An undetermined percentage of steroid abusers may become addicted to the drugs, as evidenced by their continued abuse despite physical problems and negative effects on social relations. The most dangerous of the abandonment symptoms is depression, because it sometimes leads to suicide efforts. If left untreated, some depressive symptoms related with anabolic steroid withdrawal have been acknowledged to continue for a year or more after the abuser quits using the drugs. (Matthew J. Mitten, 2005) Most prevention efforts in the United States today focus on athletes involved with the Olympics and professional sports; few school districts test for abuse of illicit drugs. Research on steroid educational programs has revealed that simply instructing students about steroids adverse effects does not persuade adolescents that they can be unfavorably affected. Nor does such lesson discourage young people from using steroids in the upcoming days. Presenting both the benefits and risks of anabolic steroid use puts additional effect in convincing adolescents regarding steroids harmful effects. (Robert E. Sallis, 1997) Few studies of treatments for anabolic steroid abuse have been conducted. Current information is based largely on the understandings of a small number of physicians who have observed patients undergoing steroid removal. The physicians have found that supportive therapy is enough in a few cases. Patients are educated about what they may experience during withdrawal and are assessed for suicidal feelings. If subjective symptoms are grave or prolonged, medicines or hospitalization may be required. (Matthew J. Mitten, 2005) Some medicines that have been used to treat steroid withdrawal reinstate the hormonal system after its disturbance by steroid abuse. Other medications aim specific removal symptoms—for example, antidepressants to treat depression and analgesics (pain killers) for headaches and muscle and joint pains. (Matthew J. Mitten, 2005) Some patients require help beyond medicinal treatment of withdrawal symptoms and are treated with behavioral rehabilitation. (Matthew J. Mitten, 2005) â€Å"A real life Interview with Dr. Robert† An interview was held with the head of the department of family medicine of an American University. In this interview, Dr. Robert explains the role of family physicians in identifying and educating their patients regarding prohibited substances. He is the author of numerous scientific publications. (Stephens, T. 1988) â€Å"Tips that alert physicians† There are symptoms that can be connected to specific types of substances. If youve got people coming in for infertility, concerns related to the prostate, breast enlargement in males, or acne — these can be signs of anabolic steroid abuse. In females, acne, deepening of voice and facial hair growth can be suspect. If you have known a patient for many years and see atypical changes in their morphology or anatomy, you can start to be critically suspicious. A few changes are so visual, you can not miss it. Physicians have both the visual assessment of the patient as well as symptoms record. Other tips might be libido disorders or aggression. An enlargement of the jaw, protruding forehead, a sudden improvement in vision, or signs of abnormal foot growth in adults could be from misuse of growth hormones. (Stephens, T. 1988) â€Å"A diseased person has a prospect of getting well by personal effort. He cannot borrow health from others.† —  Ã‚  Ã‚   Gandhiji Our role is to look into this, and we know human metabolism fairly well. We know the chemical structure of substances and their metabolites. Modern anti-doping tests are quite sensitive. We work with pharmaceutical companies who have primary information on their substances to really understand how the drug is metabolized. (Stephens, T. 1988) On the other hand, there are substances present in certain foods that could be part of the composition of certain medicines that can be abused for doping. With these, we usually create a threshold to make sure we would not t consider an undesirable analytical finding. Or we try to find another metabolite, which is usually possible, to keep away from misidentification. We are very careful about this. Mostly, it is not a problem. We sometimes hear of athletes getting in trouble because of use of over-the-counter cold and allergy remedies. (Stephens, T. 1988) Antihistamines are not on the list of prohibited substances, but some related products like ephedrine contain prohibited substances. You have to read the label to make sure before use. Ephedrine is on the prohibited list but has a threshold substance. People taking those kinds of substances in standard quantities prescribed by a physician are not at risk of testing positive. (Stephens, T. 1988) â€Å"What Sports having a serious problem with doping?† They all do, and at all levels. The bad news is that there is no sport and no country thats immune to the risk. The good news is that â€Å"cat is running after the mouse, it tries to catch it when the later tries to escape†. (Stephens, T. 1988) If one takes micro doses of substances, can be easily overlooked alone with classical physical examination. You have to use blood analysis and see if your patient has high hematocrit values. Further, not all substances can be suspected with visual examination. (Stephens, T. 1988) They should be alert that abuse of performance enhancing drugs is not unusual. Im convinced that if they are careful, doctors can identify some of those people in their patient population. Talking to athletic patients, asking if they use anything to boost their performance, some patients might be admitting it. Doctors are in a much honored position to inform patients of the risks related with performance enhancing drugs. (Stephens, T. 1988) Anabolic steroids, human growth hormone, and other doping substances can lead to kidney problems, cardiovascular risks, mood swings, and many other health disorders. They can not only have an impact on sexual aspects of peoples lives but also on personality as well. The impact on their private lives is huge. Many risks are misrepresented by the manufacturers of those products, by people who are selling them in gyms, or by associates who really dont know the risks. They enjoy the immediate benefit of taking the drugs without forecasting the long-term toxicity and bad health impact. (Stephens, T. 1988) I think the primary role of physicians, when they recognize such patients, is to inform them look, between you and me, youre taking this substance, but do you know the risks? And remember, abusers of these substances can be pretty creative in their clarifications. (Stephens, T. 1988) The independent U.S. Anti-Doping Agency (USADA) tests athletes for banned substances, investigates doping allegations and imposes sanctions. The agency is aggressively working with the federal government to root out drug cheats before the Athens Games. www.sportsmedicine.about.com/gi/dynamic USADA conducts random drug tests, and all elite athletes are tested several times a year. 1,275 tests were conducted on track and field athletes last year – 618 out of competition, 657 during meets. www.sportsmedicine.about.com/gi/dynamic USADA imposed bans on four athletes who tested positive for the steroid THG last year. The agency has begun prosecuting athletes for a â€Å"non-analytical positive† – meaning circumstantial evidence of doping can be used to sanction an athlete absent conclusive test results. USADA recently notified several U.S track stars that they are under suspicion for drug violations and could face suspensions. Cases may be expedited at the USADA’s discretion. www.sportsmedicine.about.com/gi/dynamic Kelli White was the first major casualty if the BALCO scandal. After admitting to doping violations based on evidence uncovered in a federal probe of the lab, White received a two-year ban by the USADA and was forced to forfeit the 100- and 200-meter world titles she won last year in Paris. www.sportsmedicine.about.com/gi/dynamic White tested positive for the stimulant modafinil after the 2003 World Championships. She said a doctor connected with BALCO prescribed the drug to treat narcolepsy. White later admitted to also taking banned steroids and the blood-boosting hormone EPO. White’s coach, Remy Korchemny, is one of four men connected with BALCO who have been charged with steroid distribution. White has said she may not return to track when her suspension is lifted. www.sportsmedicine.about.com/gi/dynamic In conclusion, the problems associated with the use of drugs in sport are many and complex and it is not possible to provide any quick or easy solution. Indeed, in this particularly difficult policy area, it might be appropriate to recall once again the words of Goode to the effect that, in such policy areas, there may be no ideal solution and that it may well be that we are forced to accept, â€Å"the least bad of an array of very bad options† (Goode, 1997).

Article # 7 (due 11-2) Example

Article # 7 (due 11 Article # 7 (due 11 Health Care Financial Management: Reporting Practices and Ethics al affiliation Health Care Financial Management: Reporting Practices and EthicsReporting practices in an organization account for the highest percentage of the safety of finances for health care providers. Reporting of ethics and practices ensures that the finances received from patients go through the right channel and get into best use. According to Marvin (2012) health care organizations should pay attention to the accounting practices and show adherence to the financial management procedures.Reporting practices in an organization ensure that, with the continuing rise in the costs of health care, the management can manage the budgets rather than leaving the task to consumers particularly patients. According to the study works of Marvin (2012) the services that health care providers offer and the criteria of payment for these services affect the operations of the organization, whereby, if the ethics are not in conside ration, massive losses.The health care providers should ensure that the financial environment of the organization is conducive by providing the best health care facilities. The facilities include a superb information system for the recording of information. This ensures that all information is in one concrete data base and patient information is not at risk of getting in the wrong hands.Impact on the health care organization and its financial operationsAccording to Marvin (2012), maintaining a proficient reporting practice has a positive implication on the final financial records of the organization. This is to ensure that the financial management of health care providers is efficient to reduce the losses that accrue due to poor reporting practices. To maintain the safety of the financial records, the management to maintain a robust reporting system.ReferenceMarvin, D. (2012, August 6). Health Care Financial Management: Reporting Practices and Ethics. Modern physician, 20-21.